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Neuroscientists reveal mechanism crucial to molding male brains
Neural circuitry that researchers previously showed was vital to triggering ovulation and maintaining fertility also plays a key role in molding the male brain, scientists have shown. In new research, they show that male-specific signalling in the Gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons of new-born mice is crucial to generating a testosterone surge that occurs up to five hours after birth.
Sexual Differentiation of the Brain Requires Perinatal Kisspeptin-GnRH Neuron Signaling
We demonstrate that a population of kisspeptin neurons appears in the preoptic area of only the male between E19 and P1. The importance of kisspeptin inputs to GnRH neurons for the process of sexual differentiation was demonstrated by the lack of a normal neonatal testosterone surge, and disordered brain sexual differentiation of male mice in which the kisspeptin receptor was deleted selectively from GnRH neurons. These observations demonstrate t
Utility of antioxidants during assisted reproductive techniques: an evidence based review
Endogenously, the gametes and the developing embryo become sources of ROS. Multiple exogenous factors act as potential sources of ROS, including exposure to visible light, composition of culture media, pH and temperature, oxygen concentration, centrifugation during spermatozoa preparation, ART technique involving handling of gamete / embryo and cryopreservation technique (freeze/thawing process). Finally, the use of antioxidants as agents to mini
The effectiveness of flow cytometric sorting of human sperm (MicroSort(R)) for influencing a child's sex
Flow cytometric sorting of human sperm shifted the X:Y sperm ratio. IUI, IVF/ICSI and FET outcomes were consistent with unimpaired sperm function. Results provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of flow cytometric sorting of human sperm for use as a preconception method of influencing a baby's sex.
Usefulness of bovine and porcine IVM/IVF models for reproductive toxicology
The present review proposes the bovine and porcine models to evaluate toxic compounds on oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryo production in vitro. Moreover, we discuss here the species-specific differences when mice, bovine and porcine are used as models for human.
Influence of follicle rupture and uterine contractions on intrauterine insemination outcome: a new predictive mode
The detection of follicle rupture (odds ratio [OR], 1.98: 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–3.01) and the number of uterine contractions per minute (OR, 1.67: 95% CI, 1.02–2.74) assessed after the second insemination procedure of a double IUI were positively correlated with the live-birth rate. A multiple logistic regression model showed that sperm origin, maternal age, follicle count at hCG administration day, follicle rupture, and the number o
Relationship between semen production and medical comorbidity
When stratifying the cohort by the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), differences in all measured semen parameters were identified. Men with a higher CCI had lower semen volume, concentration, motility, total sperm count, and morphology scores. In addition, men with diseases of the endocrine, circulatory, genitourinary, and skin diseases all showed significantly higher rates of semen abnormalities. Upon closer examination of diseases of the circu
SOX17 Is a Critical Specifier of Human Primordial Germ Cell Fate
Here, we demonstrate specification of hPGC-like cells (hPGCLCs) from germline competent pluripotent stem cells. The characteristics of hPGCLCs are consistent with the embryonic hPGCs and a germline seminoma that share a CD38 cell-surface marker, which collectively defines likely progression of the early human germline
Maternal high-fat diet and obesity compromise fetal hematopoiesis
Our data reveal a previously unrecognized susceptibility to nutritional and metabolic developmental programming in the fetal HSPC compartment, which is a partially reversible and microenvironment-dependent defect perturbing stem and progenitor cell expansion and hematopoietic lineage commitment.
SOX17 Is a Critical Specifier of Human Primordial Germ Cell Fate
Remarkably, SOX17 is the key regulator of hPGC-like fate, whereas BLIMP1 represses endodermal and other somatic genes during specification of hPGCLCs. Notable mechanistic differences between mouse and human PGC specification could be attributed to their divergent embryonic development and pluripotent states, which might affect other early cell-fate decisions. We have established a foundation for future studies on resetting of the epigenome in hPG
Human embryos from overweight and obese women display phenotypic and metabolic abnormalities
The data indicate that a high BMI of women at conception is associated with distinct phenotypic changes in the embryo during the preimplantation period, highlighting the importance of prepregnancy body weight in optimizing the chances of fertility and safeguarding maternal and offspring health.
Consistent age-dependent declines in human semen quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Our findings indicate that male age needs more recognition as a potential contributor to the negative pregnancy outcomes and reduced offspring health associated with delayed first reproduction. We suggest that greater focus on collection of DNA fragmentation and progressive motility in a clinical setting may lead to better patient outcomes during fertility treatments of aging couples.
Time-lapse in the IVF-lab: how should we assess potential benefit?
In this opinion paper, we explore the lack of evidence of benefit of this novel intervention, analyse the methodological flaws of current studies, offer ideal study designs that assess the various features of time-lapse imaging, and discuss forthcoming studies.
Men's sperm quality declines with age, review of 90 studies confirms
Conflicting evidence about the extent to which men's semen quality declines with age - likely lowering their fertility - is being cleared up by new research that has collated and reviewed data from 90 previous studies from around the world.
Pre-pregnancy body weight affects early development of human embryos
New research indicates that the embryos of women who are overweight or obese at the time they conceive display distinct differences in early development compared to embryos from women of a healthy weight.
Egg and sperm race: Scientists create primordial cells to human egg and sperm
Scientists have created primordial germ cells - cells that will go on to become egg and sperm - using human embryonic stem cells. Although this had already been done using rodent stem cells, this is the first time this has been achieved efficiently using human stem cells.
High-fat diet, obesity during pregnancy harms stem cells in developing fetus
Physician-scientists reveal a high-fat diet and obesity during pregnancy compromise the blood-forming, or hematopoietic, stem cell system in the fetal liver responsible for creating and sustaining lifelong blood and immune system function.
Egg and sperm race: Scientists create early stages of human egg and sperm
Scientists have identified primordial germ cells - cells that will go on to become egg and sperm - using human embryonic stem cells. Although this had already been done using rodent stem cells, this is the first time this has been achieved efficiently using human stem cells.
Uterine contractions increase success of artificial insemination
The negative impact of contractions during in vitro fertilization is a well-known fact. What was unknown until now was the effect it had on artificial insemination. A new study has discovered that it is the contrary to that seen in embryo transfer: there is an improved chance of getting pregnant. Researchers have demonstrated that the number of contractions of the uterus per minute is a parameter associated with success in artificial insemination
Infertility is a warning: Poor semen quality linked to hypertension, other health problems
A study of men who were evaluated for the cause of their infertility finds previously unknown relationships between deficiencies in their semen and other, seemingly unrelated health problems.
In-line filter for cylinder and house gasses
O2, N2, CO2, and tri-gas. Aire~LifeLine provides in-line air filtration with top of the line protection, delivering a better and more consistent yield of cylinder and house gasses for a wide range of med
Vit Kit - Warm NX is an adaptable, cost-effective system for use in the thawing of oocytes, pronuclear zygotes, cleavage stage embryos, and blastocyst stage embryos. Unlike many vitrification kits that feature a mono-buffered system and M199 base med
Vit Kit - Freeze NX is an adaptable, cost-effective system for use in the vitrification of oocytes, pronuclear zygotes, cleavage stage embryos, and blastocyst stage embryos. Vit Kit - Freeze NX is the latest advancement in vitrification media aimed t
S-Cryolock is the slimmer version of the original. It is a versatile, simple and efficient vitrification device that is intended for the holding, cryopreservation and storage of oocytes or embryos in liquid nitrogen.
Source
Irvine Scientific
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