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Video Links / [Posted:20/6/2020] / [Source:youtu.be] Viewed: 711
Comments Linked to this Mailout
Title
Can follicular fluid differentially influence sperm-egg interactions?
Summary
A recent article from a Manchester group suggest follicular fluid may dynamically be more attractive to motile sperm from different males
Comment
This interesting article explored whether the female may influence the likelihood of sperm egg interaction post intercourse or insemination by undefined sperm chemoattractive properties of follicular fluid. Their argument extended the argument that progesterone in follicular fluid may have strong capacitation-inducing capabilities and older research (Ralt,et.al., 1991, doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.7.2840.) that its attraction to sperm may relate to fertilization. Since IVF, and importantly ICSI, largely circumvent any in vivo filtering of the sperm who may achieve fertilization, this research may have long lasting implications on IVF children. |
So, the researchers collected follicular fluid and residual motile sperm preparations from consenting IVF clients. They loaded follicular fluid in small capillary tubes sealed at one end and either in pairs with another client’s fluid or control solutions, were placed in petri dishes to which a defined motile sperm solution from one of the clients was added. The number of sperm that accumulated in each tube was recorded and compared. The process was repeated using the sperm suspension of the alternative male. The researchers then looked at whether there was more, less or the same number of sperm in the tube of the corresponding client compared to the alternative client. While follicular fluid and individual sperm samples were similarly attractive, there was a highly significant variation between individual combinations. In other words, follicular fluid from any female may be differentially more attractive to some sperm that others. |
The authors did not find any preference of sperm for their partners follicular fluid. In other words, what was uniquely attractive between a sperm and follicular fluid had nothing to do with mate selection criteria. In reality, it would have been quite spectacular if an association existed!|
The authors compared the relative attractiveness of a client’s follicular fluid and sperm to the outcome of IVF treatment and found that the fertilization rate (largely from IVF insemination) were not linked to compatibility between client’s samples nor to linked to embryo quality, pregnancy nor live births. This association was noted to be strong on only two cases. This observation was in line with previous studies. |
The authors in this paper did not explore what the differential attractive components may be. In this paper, the authors used fluid from a single mature , blood free follicle per client. They explored and have demonstrated that post insemination sperm filtering may operate largely unseen in normal fertility examinations (what is termed cryptic) and largely be sidestepped in IVF. The authors argued these cryptic processes could have the potential to influence a couple’s fertility by hindering or encouraging the likelihood of fertilization. Since so few motile sperm are thought to arrive at the site of fertilization, any assistance or discouragement potentially may subtly affect the chance of conception. |
Other studies have demonstrated that sperm are capable of responding to environmental clues by rheotaxis (oriented movement of an organism in response to a current of fluid), thermotaxis (movement of an organism towards or away from a source of heat) or chemotaxis (movement of a motile cell in a direction corresponding to a gradient of increasing or decreasing concentration of a particular substance). While rheotaxis and thermotaxis may be clues in the lower reproductive tract, they are unlikely to be so nearer the site of fertilisation. This paper observations supports a view of a chemotaxis response to follicular fluid. |
Even though the authors talk about how an egg may facilitate cryptic choices, they have in fact only been talking about follicular fluid. Unlike in the mouse where there is bursa enclosing the ovary and ampulla area of the fallopian tubes, no such covering exists in the human and so the effect of the fluid is linked only to the peri-ovulatory period. Nor is it known what happens to the ovulatory fluid after oocyte expulsion. Could the follicular fluid act as a tool to orientate the sperm to the oocyte as it is diluted along the fallopian tube where ovulation occurred? It does remind IVF scientists how sterile the in vitro environment is compared to what happens in nature.|
Thinking about the technique, using the fallopian fluid filled capillary model may be a useful way to collect optimal sperm for IVF and especially for ICSI. |
The authors suggest undefined components in follicular fluid may be one reason for unexplained, idiopathic infertility. If so then it would be natural to ask whether circumventing this in vitro alter the health of any child and their future offspring? Could clinics use this feature to select the “best” sperm for insemination? |
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In the open sourced article from Fitzpatrick, et al. looking at the interaction between follicular fluid (FF) and motile sperm (MS), the difference between FF samples was
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In the open sourced article from Fitzpatrick, et al. looking at the interaction between follicular fluid (FF) and motile sperm (MS), the difference between sperm samples was
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In the open sourced article from Fitzpatrick, et al. looking at the interaction between follicular fluid (FF) and motile sperm (MS), their interaction was
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In the open sourced article from Fitzpatrick, et al. looking at the interaction between follicular fluid (FF) and motile sperm (MS), there was a significant relationship the attractiveness of matched FF to MS and
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Rheotaxis is defined as the
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Thermotaxis is defined as the
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Chemotaxis is defined as the
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